Elysa's Osmosis Project

Elysa's Osmosis Video

Osmosis Demonstration Video of Matt Miller

Osmosis Demo

Osmosis Demonstration Video of Marie Coates

I'm A Potato Osmosis Demonstration Video

Osmosis Demonstration Video of Teo Martinez

Teo's Osmosis Demo

Cell Analogies Project of Elysa Dombro

Link to Presentation:

Cell Analogies Project Elysa Dombro

Cell Analogies Project of Matt Miller

A Cell is like Baseball

Cell Analogies Project of Teo Martinez

The Cell is Like the Starship Enterprise

Cell Analogies Project of Marie Coates

Here is my cell analogies project! It compares a cell to the Superwholock multifandom's TV Shows.

Here is the link!

The Cell is like the Superwholock Multifandom's TV Shows

	Test 1, PH 2-3 HC1	Test 1, PH 4 HC1	Test 1, PH 7 Water	Test 1, PH 10 Na OH	Test 1, PH 12 Na OH
2''	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
4''	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
6''	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
8''	0 cm	0 cm	.1 cm	0 cm	0 cm
10''	0 cm	0 cm	.3 cm	0 cm	.1 cm
12''	0 cm	0 cm	.4 cm	.1 cm	.1 cm
14''	0 cm	.1 cm	.6 cm	.2 cm	.2 cm
16''	0 cm	.2 cm	.7 cm	.4 cm	.2 cm
18''	0 cm	.2 cm	.7 cm	.6 cm	.2 cm
20''	0 cm	.2 cm	.8 cm	.7 cm	.2 cm
22''	0 cm	.3 cm	.9 cm	.8 cm	.2 cm
24''	0 cm	.4 cm	1.0 cm	.9 cm	.2 cm
26''	0 cm	.4 cm	1.3 cm	1.0 cm	.3 cm
28''	0 cm	.5 cm	1.4 cm	1.0 cm	.3 cm
30''	.2 cm	.5 cm	1.6 cm	1.1 cm	.4 cm
	Test 2, PH 2-3 HC1	Test 2, PH 4 HC1	Test 2, PH 7 Water	Test 2 PH 10 Na OH	Test 2, PH 12 Na OH
2''	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
4''	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
6''	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
8''	0 cm	.1 cm	0 cm	0 cm	0 cm
10''	0 cm	.1 cm	0 cm	.1 cm	0 cm
12''	0 cm	.1 cm	.1 cm	.1 cm	0 cm
14''	0 cm	.1 cm	.1 cm	.1 cm	0 cm
16''	.1 cm	.2 cm	.3 cm	.1 cm	0 cm
18''	.1 cm	.2 cm	.3 cm	.2 cm	0 cm
20''	.1 cm	.3 cm	.4 cm	.2 cm	.1 cm
22''	.1 cm	.3 cm	.4 cm	.3 cm	.1 cm
24''	.1 cm	.3 cm	.4 cm	.3 cm	.1 cm
26''	.1 cm	.4 cm	.5 cm	.3 cm	.1 cm
28''	.1 cm	.4 cm	.5 cm	.4 cm	.1 cm
30''	.1 cm	.4 cm	.6 cm	.4 cm	.1 cm

Enzyme Lab Report

Matt Miller, Period 5

Introduction

 Nathan, Teo, and I wanted to test how PH levels affect enzymes of plants. To do this, we used 10 test tubes, five for each trial, and did the test twice to confirm our first results.

Purpose

The purpose of our experiment was to see if different acid solutions reacted to enzymes differently.

Hypothesis

Our hypothesis was that the solution with the highest PH levels, in this case, PH 12 Na OH, would cause the enzymes to react the most.

Methods

Materials:

5 to 10 grams of freshly picked bindweed

Mortar and pestle

Water

3 100-liter glass or plastic beakers

1 mL syringe

Hydrogen peroxide

1 Paper towel square (for filtration)

Glass test tubes

Test tube rack or holder

Small plastic ruler

Safety glasses

PH 2-3 HC1 solution

PH 4 HC1 solution

PH 7 Water solution

PH 10 Na OH solution

PH 12 Na OH solution

Procedure:

First, we went and picked some bindweed from the WGHS garden. Then, we used a mortar and pestle to grind up the bindweed, and added a few drops of water into the solution, making the ground up bindweed moist. Then, we put the moist, ground up bindweed onto a paper towel, put the paper towel over a beaker, and squeezed the bindweed extract so it would drip through the paper towel and into the beaker. Next, we put the five acid solutions into each small test tube, and then into the test tube rack. We added 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide into each test tube, then filled a syringe with the enzyme solution, and put that in as well. Every two seconds, for 30 seconds, we recorded what the level of the mixture was at in cm. When 30 seconds was over, we went over our results, and started the process again. After the first trial, we did the whole experiment to see if we got the same results a second time.

Results and Data:

*On the spreadsheet below*

In conclusion, our hypothesis was wrong. It turns out that the higher the PH levels were, didn’t really affect the enzyme’s reaction at all. The solution with the most reaction was PH 7 Water. This was the only of the five solutions tested with water, so we have to conclude that water has the biggest effect on the bindweed enzymes.

Conclusion

One thing that might have gone wrong in the experiment was timing. We didn’t have the best system to alert our teammates when to record the reaction of the enzymes and solutions. We had a person reading the reactions, another person calling out every two seconds to notify us to record, and a third person to do the actual recording of the data. It would have been much more accurate if there was a timer or stopwatch that automatically signal us exactly every two seconds. Also, we could have been more accurate in measuring the right amount of hydrogen peroxide. We also could’ve been neater while conducting the experiment; we spilled multiple times along the way.

One question I had during this whole experiment was: What if there was more acids that included water, since the most reactive acid had water in it. Another question I had was: Instead of recording data every 2 seconds, what if we recorded every second, or every five seconds, or any other time. It wouldn’t change the preparation for the experiment at all, just the data would look a little different.

Enzyme Lab Report

Elysa Dombro
Period 5

Purpose:
      The purpose of our experiment was to test the enzyme reactions to solutions with different pH levels.

Hypothesis:
      My hypothesis was that the higher the pH level, as in the more basic, the greater the reaction of the enzymes, in this case, the amount of bubbles. 
        The independent variable is the pH levels.
        The dependent variable is the amount of bubbles.
        The controlled variables are the bindweed solution and the hydrogen peroxide.
         I chose this as my hypothesis because I think that some basic properties could cause a quicker reaction.

Materials:

• Mortar and pestle
• 5-10 grams of bindweed
• Water
• Test tubes
• ruler
• plastic beakers
• 1 mL syringe
• hydrogen peroxide
• HCI solution with pH 2-3
• HCI solution with pH 3-4
• NaOH solution with pH 10
• NaOH solution with pH 12   

Procedure:

1. Place the bindweed in the mortar and grind together as much as possible.
2. Next,  put 20 milliliters of water in the mortar with the bindweed and grind together until the bindweed is unrecognizable and becomes mush.
3. Place a paper towel over one of the plastic beaker. Pour the bindweed/water solution over the paper towel and filter out the mushy solid part from the liquid.
4. Next, use a syringe to place one milliliter of water into a test tube (this test tube should have a ruler taped onto it to the side with the millimeter side of the ruler next to the test tube).
5. Take 1 mL of the bindweed solution and add it to the water.
6. Add 1mL of hydrogen peroxide to the test tube, and record the height and time of the bubbles created by the reaction.
7. To test the rate of reaction, have one person measure the height of bubble formation and the other time the bubble growth.
8. Write down results.
9. To test the other four pH levels (HCI solution with pH of 2-3, HCI solution with pH of 3-4, NaOH solution of 10, and NaOH solution of 12), the test tubes are set up differently.
10. First put 1 mL of hydrogen peroxide in a test tube (this test tube should be set up with a ruler like the last).
11. Then and 1 mL of the bindweed solution.
12. Next, add one of the pH level solutions that you will be testing, then record your result as described in #7. Do this with all other pH level solutions.
13. Record on data and create lab report.
    
    

Data and Results:

Data Table

Seconds

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

pH 2/3

37 mL

37 mL

38 mL

38 mL

39 mL

39 mL

39 mL

39 mL

39 mL

40 mL

40 mL

40 mL

pH 3/4

37 mL

38 mL

39 mL

39 mL

40 mL

41 mL

42 mL

43 mL

45 mL

45 mL

45 mL

44 mL

Control

37 mL

39 mL

40 mL

40 mL

41 mL

43 mL

44 mL

45 mL

45 mL

45 mL

44 mL

41 mL

pH 10

37 mL

38 mL

40 mL

42 mL

43 mL

44 mL

44 mL

43 mL

41 mL

40 mL

38 mL

37 mL

pH12

37 mL

39 mL

42 mL

43 mL

45 mL

45 ml

40 mL

39 mL

37 mL

37 mL

37 mL

37 mL

Height of Bubbles Line Graph

______________ = control (H20, pH 7)

______________= HCI (pH 2-3)

______________= HCI (pH 3-4)

______________= NaOH (pH 10)

______________= NaOH (pH 12)

The results showed that the higher pH levels, 10 and 12, were quick to have the most amounts of bubbles. The lower pH levels, 2-3 and 3-4, took longer to build up bubbles and never reached as high an amount. The control remained in the middle of the pack. Also, after a while, the bubbles stopped growing and began to die back down, never below the original level of liquid though. The higher pH levels took less time to die down, while the lower pH levels took more time.

Conclusions:
      My hypothesis was correct, because I hypothesized that the higher the pH level, the greater reaction there would be. I found that with the higher pH, the bubbles grew much quicker and grew in height more than the lower pH levels, but died down again quickly while the lower pH levels took longer to subside.After doing research, I better understood that the bubbles I saw were the reactions of the hydrogen peroxide and enzymes creating oxygen bubbles. I think the basic solutions reacted quicker because they reacted with the slightly acidic hydrogen peroxide to create a slightly quicker reaction. The bases created more hydrogen bubbles.